US imperialism essays

US government papers Under the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 the United States had policed the side of the equator, in principle to safeguard the autonomy of its countries from European avarice, in actuality to secure America⠡â ¯s own advantages. This regularly included military intercession, particularly in Central America and the Caribbean. The Monroe Doctrine depended on the thinking that the Caribbean was America⠡â ¯s  ¡inland sea⠡â ¯ and part of the financial structure. In Cuba, which America had freed Spain, the US right of intercession was really composed into the Cuban constitution, through the purported  ¡Platt Amendment⠡â ¯. The purpose for the American royal upsurge is for the most part a monetary issue: agreed with recuperation from the Civil War, the U.S. begun to grow in late nineteenth century. In any case, the American venture into Latin America can likewise be ascribed to nationalistic causes that go past the monetary range. Along these lines, U.S. venture into Latin Americ a was a consequence of U.S. monetary development and rising patriotism. American approach toward Latin America has changed after some time to suit prospering American financial exercises in the region.(1) During the early long stretches of the nineteenth century, U.S. business with its southern neighbors requested minimal more than policing the Caribbean for raiding privateers. As the United States developed into a business, modern, and, in the long run, monetary force, its international strategy expanded in scope.(2) The chase for new markets carried it into rivalry with European countries, particularly Great Britain. Accordingly, it got one of the significant points of American arrangement to check the further entrance of European trade and capital into Latin America. By the turn of the century, Latin America had become a generous market for American items as well as a significant wellspring of crude materials and a significant zone for capital venture also. Having as of late constructed an amazing naval force, the United Sta... <!

Buddhism Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Buddhism Reflection - Essay Example It is a direct result of this development and changing ways of thinking that creates turmoil with regards to better understanding the hidden elements associated with the journey of man to accomplish self-salvation. In any case, the vast majority of the ways of thinking are joined in the possibility that there are 4 Noble Truths that can control the lifestyle of an individual who is planning to accomplish Nirvana or a Buddha like status of self-salvation. These four certainties incorporate (â€Å"Buddhas Four Noble Truths†) : Recognizing the previously mentioned facts of Buddha is the start of illumination of an individual. Through contemplation, self-assessment, and self-reflection, one can find when of life he is at corresponding to the four realities and all the while, assist him with investigating how he may push ahead from his present purpose of being. Just by developing as an individual, through the accomplishment of the four facts can an individual case to have accomplished self-salvation. Despite which way of thinking you buy in to in Buddhism, be it the India or Chinese based school of proselytyzing, the objective of each school is the equivalent, individual salvation. A feeling of salvation that originates from inside an individual who, through the changing of his lifestyle, has at long last figured out how to liberate himself from the imperatives of the material world so as to accomplish a higher feeling of scholarly and otherworldly accomplishment. This specific feeling of salvation must be reached by the individual once he acknowledges that our reality isn't changeless and subsequently, ought not be clung to. This will at that point permit an individual to clean his considerations and activities with an end goal to accomplish a Zen like status throughout everyday life. The Four Noble Truths that control the way of a Buddhist is the thing that likewise encourages him interpret how he can develop himself so as to profit others. Buddhism, as I would see it, once saw from the perspective of a cooperative, conscious connection between individuals, drives us to

5 Great Rewards Apps To Get You Free Money

5 Great Rewards Apps To Get You Free Money 5 Great Rewards Apps To Get You Free Money 5 Great Rewards Apps To Get You Free MoneyHave you heard about the OppLoans Personal Finance App Directory? It’s the hottest new tool  all the hip kids are using to find the money  apps that best meet their needs. Recently we gave you a breakdown of the Budget category and now we’re back to take you through another great series of apps. This time we’re talking Rewards!What’s a “Reward app” you ask? It’s an app that lets you earn free gift cards, offers, or straight up cash.Here are five Reward apps we’ve featured in the database that you should try out.1.  appKarmaDo you like playing phone games and trying new apps? Well, it’s your lucky day: When you open appKarma (@mobileappkarma), you’ll be given a choice of games you can download and play to earn points towards gift cards and other rewards. You can even earn “achievements” by accomplishing certain in-game goals to  increase your points.Andrew Lin is the co-founder of Darkfield Software, the publisher behin d appKarma. Here’s what he told us when we asked him what feature he believes sets the app apart from other reward apps.“Our Karma Play reward feature. A typical reward app like ours rewards users one time for installing the app. We are the only reward app that, in addition to rewarding users for installing an app, also rewards them for keeping the app and playing with it each day.“This helps us by increasing our retention, helps our users by giving them an additional means to earn rewards, and also helps the advertisers by giving their apps additional opportunities to retain the users (reduce uninstall rate).”Check out the rest of the interview and learn more about appKarma on its database page.2.  cashKarmaLike the idea behind appKarma but don’t love playing phone games? Then cashKarma, another Darkfield offering, may be for you. Instead of downloading and playing phone games, you earn points by taking surveys. You’ll only qualify for certain surveys based off your per sonal attributes, so you may not be able to haul in quite the same hoard of points, but there’s no reason you can’t use multiple Reward apps. In fact, you could try all of these at once to maximize your reward earning potential!Check out cashKarma’s database page by clicking on the link riiiiiiiiiiiiiight here.3. SweatcoinExercise comes with all sorts of health benefits, so it’s really its own reward. But what if… it also came with a monetary reward? That’s the idea behind Sweatcoin (@SweatCoin), an app that tracks your steps and turns them into a virtual currency that you can spend on all manner of products, services, and even charitable donations. Sweatcoin uses proprietary software to keep you from cheating by putting your phone in the dryer, or whatever.We got the chance to speak to the cofounder of Sweatcoin, Anton Derlyatka, and he told us about some of the philosophy that went into its creation:“Oleg and I, friends for longer than we’d care to admit, are both successful entrepreneurs passionate about fitness, health and making the world a better place. I was thinking about a way to tackle the HUGE problem of lack of sustainable motivation to be more active and Oleg was recovering from 3 years of inactivity due to an incredibly stressful time driving his previous business forward. We decided to go for a run in Richmond Park, London, one of the most beautiful places on Earth and a fantastic place for running. I explained my ideas and Oleg supplemented it with a crypto-currency foundation. This is how Sweatcoin was born.”Derlyatka also told us about their plans for the future: “We are working on a Peer-to-Peer Marketplace where our users, like you and me, will be able to create their own products and services and offer them for Sweatcoins.“Also, we are in talks with a London Council to deliver a program that would motivate a disadvantaged social group to be more active. To do so, they would be allowed by the Council to pay part of the ir Council Tax (local tax) in Sweatcoins.”“The long-term vision for Sweatcoin is to become an independent virtual currency that can pay taxes or buy health insurance.”Don’t sweat! Read the rest of the interview and find out all the info on Sweatcoin on its database page.4. AppBountyOnce again, there’s no reason you can’t have most of these apps at once to maximize your reward potential. AppBounty  (@AppBounty) is another app you can use to try out games for points you can exchange for rewards. Unlike many of the other apps, however, you can exchange the points for in-game currency, which is great if you’re a mobile game addict. Better to spend imaginary points on imaginary currency than real currency on imaginary currency.Find out more atâ€"you guessed itâ€"the AppBounty database page.5. FreeMyAppsStop us if you’ve heard this one before: FreeMyApps  (@FreeMyApps) is an app that lets you try out new apps to earn points that you can exchange for rewards. All of these a pps are free, so there’s nothing for you to lose from trying one, two, or heck, all of them out.Look up its page right over here.There’s rewards in them hills, and now you know how to claim them!Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedINContributorsAnton Derlyatka is an entrepreneur and investor in behavior change, digital health, and people technologies â€" the industries ripe for innovation. He is the cofounder of  Sweatcoin (@SweatCoin).Andrew Lin is the co-founder of Darkfield Software, publisher of  appKarma (@mobileappkarma)  and cashKarma.

Public Health and Community Nursing Essay - 1254 Words

Public Health Layers NUR 408 April 23, 2012 Deborah Nallo Public Health Layers The focus of Public Health continues to shift with time because of various social, economic, and political forces. Exploring the public health layers of history in the Los Angeles County, State of California, and the United States, and a comparison between public and community health nursing is the beginning to increasing our knowledge toward resources available. The history of public health in the county of Los Angeles, California, was established in 1903 when the Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance for the provision of a county health department (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2012). It became a freestanding department in 2006†¦show more content†¦Programs include Civil Rights, Public Affairs, Women’s Health, Centers of Infectious Diseases, Emergency Preparedness Office and many more. In 1798, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) initially took care of sick and disabled merchant seamen, which was the indication of today’s public health services. List of Services created by HHS: 1878 The Quarantine Act changed the power to isolate infected people moved from the state level to federal level 1912 The Marine hospital service for sailors had expanded their services and the name changed to Public Health Service 1930 National Hygienic Laboratory that became the National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of, became the food, and drug administration (FDA) 1946 Communicable Disease Center became the Center for Disease Control (CDC) (â€Å"U.S. Department of Health amp; Human Services†, n.d.). The Department of Health and Human Services is the United States’ national level is responsible for the health care of Americans.Show MoreRelatedCommunity And Public Health Nursing1852 Words   |  8 PagesPosition Paper 2 Abstract The focus of this paper is to describe community and public health nursing as it pertains to the disease, Malaria. Major concepts discussed include genomics, funding, laws and legislation, community education, and the role of the public health nurse. Final Position Paper 3 Discussion Malaria is one of the â€Å"most severe public health problems worldwide† (Impact of Malaria, 2014). According to the Centers for DiseaseRead MoreCommunity and Public Health Nursing Reflection Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Community and Public Health Nursing Reflection Courtney Austin NUR/405 8/11/2014 Community and Public Health Nursing Reflection Maricopa community schools are the local schools for the Gila River Indian Community. Native American children attending these schools are generally obese and do not participate in extra-curricular activities. The Leading Health Indicator (LHI) that applies is Children and adolescents who are considered obese. Recognizing this LHI, nursing diagnoses canRead MoreEssay about Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing1093 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing NUR/405 University of Phoenix Material Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing Event or Influence: 2001 No Child Left Behind Act Key health issues This law was signed into law by George W. Bush on January 8, 2002 (Frontline, 2013). This law is a check point or educational average that measures improvement or decline in student ability through grades 3-8 annually in math and readingRead MoreThe Nursing Career1082 Words   |  4 Pagesanalytical abilities. Communities are dynamic, and nurses must adapt to and be able to provide patients with whatever care is needed.† (Meadows, 2009). The PHN uses clinical knowledge along with an ecological viewpoint. A public health nurse can practice in clinics, health departments, faith-based organizations, mobile vans, homes, correctional facilities, occupations, community centers and hospitals. There is no setting that a public health nurse cannot practice to deliver a community-focused interventionRead MoreCommunity Health Nursing1626 Words   |  7 PagesUNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING NCM 101 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING Health Promotion and Public Health Health †¢ A State of complete physical, mental and social well- being, not merely an absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1948). †¢ A State of being well and using every power the individual possesses to the fullest extent (Nightingale, 1969). †¢ Optimum Level of Functioning (OLOF) Determinants of Health (World Health Organization) †¢ The health of individuals and communities are, to a largeRead MoreHistory of Public Health Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Walden University NURS 4010 Section 04, Family, Community, and Population-Based Care 10 / 21 / 2012 The History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Overview Public health, a population-centered nursing had been in existence since the late 1880s under the guise of different names. The focus of public health nursing was on sanitation, communicable diseaseRead MoreHealth Of Public Health Nursing Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesPublic health nursing focus on a community that the nurse identifies the health issues facing that population and try to figure out ways to find a solution to those health problems for the community s population. Although areas in public health such as having access and cost still pose a great problem, community based care has made an impact on the contemporary practice of nursing. One of the leaders of public health nursing was Lilian D. Wald. Lilian Wald was a nurse, social reformer, and advocateRead MoreComparison of Public and Community Health972 Words   |  4 PagesCOMPARISON OF PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY HEALTH Comparison of Public and Community Health University of Phoenix NUR/408 Michelle Hogsed July 7, 2014 . Comparison of Public and Community Health Public and community health work simultaneously as well as separately to protect the populations of the world. Public health focuses on the health of an entire nation and community health focuses on health and wellness of various communities. The World Health Organization (WHO) believesRead MoreHistory Of Public Health Nursing880 Words   |  4 Pages The public health nurse has been called the leader in making improvements in the quality of health care for individuals, families, populations and communities (Stanhope Lancaster, 2014). As it has been stated nurses from around the world collaborate with one another and found that their population centered nursing share more similarities than differences (Stanhope Lancaster, 2014). Nurses who work outside of an institutional setting has been referred to as public health nurses, visiting nursesRead MoreMy Personality Traits Of A Nurse1725 Words   |  7 Pagesbe. This was a question that I had never had a definite answer for, as I had always just known that I wanted to be a nurse. In completing this career research report I have been able to explore multiple careers that I may be interested in in the nursing field. I have learned the importance of looking into what personality traits would be required for a job that I would be interested in and comparing those personality traits to traits that I already possess. I have also learned the importance of

Juvenile Delinquency Is Not Acceptable - 1759 Words

Juvenile delinquency is when minors commit criminal acts or offenses that are against the law and in which adult prosecution is not acceptable. It is interesting to note that this was not always the case. Before juvenile delinquency was established, juveniles were trialed and treated as adults. There was no such thing as a juvenile court, juvenile correctional facilities, or juvenile support groups, when the juvenile deviated. Later, many believed that when juveniles deviated that it meant that they needed guidance and support to help them. This change was made mainly because the value of children increased due to the fact that children were beginning to live longer and were healthier. Throughout the semester it has been intriguing to learn more about this topic and learn different theories related to it, as well as delinquency triggers. There are four theories that relate to juvenile delinquency. Strain Theory is when the juvenile experiences strain, or stress, which as a result cau ses them to commit delinquent acts. Strain can be caused by the juvenile failing to achieve goals, and/or the loss of positive stimuli or the presentation of negative stimuli. Social Learning Theory is when juveniles learn to engage in delinquent acts by being reinforced, positively or negatively, in some way. Control Theory is when the juvenile varies with the levels of control, which causes them to commit delinquent acts. Labeling Theory is when juveniles are labeled as â€Å"bad† or â€Å"delinquent†,Show MoreRelatedChild Abuse And Neglect Cause Juvenile Delinquency1156 Words   |  5 PagesNeglect cause Juvenile Delinquency Strain theory describes the idea that there are certain events and conditions in an individual’s life that are disliked and involve the inability to achieve goals, loss of positively valued stimuli, and presentation of negative stimuli (Brezina and Agnew). Child neglect and abuse can be described by this theory, and often is, because of its elements and the effect it has on children. Before the idea of child abuse and neglect causing juvenile delinquency can be arguedRead MoreDrug Abuse And Its Effects On The Criminal Justice System900 Words   |  4 PagesDespite all of the efforts put fourth in attempting to better educate and stop drug use in America studies show that drug use by juveniles has substantially increased within recent years. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) juveniles as young as eighth grade are using drugs such as marijuana on a daily basis. Unfortunately, most of these juveniles have also experimented with alcohol at this age as a ga teway drug to start using marijuana and so forth. (NIDA) There are many aspectsRead More Juvenile Crime and Socio Economic Factors Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagescurbed at any cost. Crime at a juvenile age is on one hand a crime against property and life, and on the other a crime against humanity. It is a much graver social danger that holds the seed of an evident social disaster implanted into it. Criminologists hold different views regarding the root of juvenile crime and that often leads into quite the argument. Irrespective of those theoretical head on collisions, the presence of socio economic factors behind each juvenile crime committed is almost acceptedRead MoreThe Impact of Gender and Family on Juvenile Delinquency in the United States888 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile delinquency is of great concern in the United States. In 2007 over 2 million arrests were juveniles. There are two types of juvenile delinquency. The first type of offense is a behavior that would be a crimi nal violation for an adult. The other offense is called a â€Å"status† offense. Status offenses are delinquent actions that do not apply to adults, like running away and truancy. This paper will discuss the impact of gender and family on delinquency and the treatment by gender in the juvenileRead MoreFactors That Cause The Increase Rate Of Juvenile Delinquency Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease rate of Juvenile delinquencies. A survey research design will be used. Simple random sampling technique will be used while questionnaire and interview schedule will be necessary data collection instruments. This project will use the findings to know how to reduce the increasing rates of juvenile delinquency and also how to improve the current juvenile institutions available in order to be more productive. Juvenile Delinquency Introduction Juvenile delinquency is a situationRead MoreBreaking Down the Walls of Delinquency1685 Words   |  7 Pagesexplore how family life influences juvenile delinquency. Juveniles are more likely to become juvenile delinquents if there is little structure provided for them in their families. Children who are rejected by their parents, who grow up in homes with considerable conflict, or who are inadequately supervised are at the greatest risk of becoming delinquent. Literature reviews, focused on the relationship between child abuse and juvenile delinquency, indicate that juvenile delinquents are often productsRead MoreComic Books Effects on Children Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pagesmake them believe that committing criminal acts of robbery, sexual violence, and murder is okay to do and not frowned upon in society. But these claims are very over-the-top, how could one child from a family that established the difference between acceptable and unacceptable behavior think that it is ok to do such things? How could he go from a contributing member of society to a socio-path who goes around killing and raping people? It’s just such an extreme to think that such a thing could happen.Read MoreCjs240 Gender and Family828 Words   |  4 PagesGender and Family How does gender affect delinquency? It can be said the males make up the vast majority of the prison population. It can also be said that men are just plain different than women when it comes to ethics, morals, and violence. Whether gender has any influence on whether or not a crime is committed is not fully understood, but there are many theories. What are some current explanations for gender differences as they relate to delinquency? * * There are many views andRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Juvenile Justice System1299 Words   |  6 Pagesdedicated his life to troubled juveniles once said, â€Å"I believe that the kids who are labeled â€Å"good† are children who know how to solve their problems and manage their behavior and social life, and the kids who are labeled â€Å"bad† are kids who don’t know how to solve those problems.† Every day, kids are committing illegal acts of varying severity. Some are involved in petty robberies, others involved in murders and rape. These juveniles become the responsibility of the juvenile justice system which is taskedRead MoreThe Labeling Theory For Juvenile Delinquency1577 Words   |  7 Pagesof us must be held in check or â€Å"controlled† if we are to resist the temptation to commit criminal or delinquency acts, this paper will dissect some important contributions the labeling theory has made to the study of juvenile delinquenc y (pg.107). In addition, we will discuss the labeling process, some causes of becoming labeled and also the prevention steps taken to decrease juvenile delinquency. Growing up we all have the possibilities of making mistakes that can either teach us a lesson or cost

Inside These Walls Free Essays

Her head was pounding from the sudden blow. Blood was running down the side her face as she began to remember. He had tormented her, degraded her feelings, and took away her financial stability. We will write a custom essay sample on Inside These Walls or any similar topic only for you Order Now She felt forever trapped as she was the only one to witness such vile acts. â€Å"There is no one here to see this. There is no one here to save me from what happens inside these walls† she whispered, voice cracking. Victims like this must go through the injustice of not being able to feel safe in their own home or even their own skin. Whether it be inflicting harm for the victim through physical abuse, toying with their emotions through emotional abuse, or financially controlling them through financial abuse, abusers find ways for many women to suffer from domestic abuse in their daily lives. Physical abuse is one of the many aspects of domestic abuse. This type of abuse is most known as it can be seen with one’s own eyes. However, physical abuse doesn’t always have to happen on the victim. In many cases, physical abuse can happen somewhere near the victim. It shows that â€Å"When a partner is violent near or around you, doing things like punching a hole in the wall, the message is ‘Next time this could be your head'† (Carlson 146). Numerous amounts of people will brush off the incident and believe that it will not mean anything in the future but this sort of act can escalate quickly and leave the victim in shambles. If this message is given, the abuser is releasing their anger on an object physically and it will not be long before the abuser directs their anger on their victim – the one who caused their distress. Once they direct their anger on the victim, it can lead to extreme violence that the victim is not capable of keeping under control. Sam is a victim who had been physically abused herself. She speaks out about one of the stories of her journey with physical abuse:I was at home and I cooked his dinner†¦he came home when the food was on the table. He was like ‘Oh, it’s too cold,’ so I put it in the microwave and warmed it up. I gave it to him and he said it was too hot†¦and you start to get this worried feeling like ‘It’s going to happen. He’s going to hurt me.’ He threw the plate and smashed it against my head and he started beating me up and kicking me on the floor and punching. (Sam?)This is an example of severe physical abuse. Here, the abuser takes a typical, simple misunderstanding and exaggerates it until it reaches its full capacity. In most cases, those who are in healthy relationships would be able to work this out without it becoming physical. The victim shows that she has the constant worry of not wanting to go against the abuser’s needs. Thus, they are always tip toeing around the abuser and the second they do something even the slightest bit wrong, it becomes another heated fight. This instance is just one glimpse of what a day in the life of a physically abused partner must go through. There are always other cases. Some outcomes of physical abuse could even be fatal. This is one of the more extreme cases of physical abuse. It should be known that â€Å"One woman is fatally shot by a spouse, ex-spouse, or dating partner every 14 hours† (â€Å"NCADV†). Many do not understand the significance of homicide in physical abuse and do not link this importance to the fact that it still happens. This statistic shows that those who are in domestic abuse relationships are at a very high risk of being killed by their significant other. How to cite Inside These Walls, Papers

Property Management of a Company Headquarters Building, Dubai

Introduction Managing rental property is not an easy task. One requires a combination of management and organizational skills to manage a property in a profitable and effective manner. The property’s profitability is highly dependent on the professionalism of the manager, as well as a realistic and well designed plan. It reveals the role of management in any business.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Property Management of a Company Headquarters Building, Dubai specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As Deakin (2004) explains, â€Å"property management indicates a need to be cared for, monitored and accountability given for its usable life and condition†. It is also the management of the physical assets, maintain the buildings’ deliverables and tooling. Being able to calculating cash flow is of paramount importance for a profitable management of a rental property. However, Deakin (2004) explains that being able to manage tenants is the most important part of rental property management. Other factors that need to be addressed include advertising vacant space, interviewing prospective tenants, obtaining fire, liability and other insurance on the property, arranging for regular repairs and maintenance activities, conducting regular inspection and having an organized rental payment system. The global economic crisis in 2008 proved just vulnerable the real estate can be. Many buildings had their rates affected because of valuation. According to Estates Dubai (2011), â€Å"the real estate owners of both private and corporate properties are awaiting for the property valuation results of firms to match â€Å"pre-crash valuations†. The situation is slowly expected to improve and investors in Dubai are hoping to get better valuations. Property owners are hopeful that things will slowly stabilize and go back to normal not long from now. As explained further by Estates Dubai ( 2011), â€Å"owners of properties are of the belief that the real estate market has recovered considerably and so, it is time to see whether the value of their holdings have gone back to what they were worth before onset of the economic crisis in 2008†. These kinds of challenges prove the need for a well designed property management plan, capable of addressing such uncertainties when they arise. â€Å"The process involves, systems and manpower required to manage the life cycle of all acquired property including acquisition, control, accountability, responsibility, maintenance, utilization, and disposition† (Deakin, 2004).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Background of the case study â€Å"X† Company bought a building in the Dubai Health Care City from Dubai Properties via Dubai Holding. The building was bought in a â€Å"shell and core† condit ion meaning that it was sold without the finishing part that is carried out in most constructed buildings. Therefore, â€Å"X† Company had to spend extra money on the building finishes and fit out. â€Å"X† Company has been able to transform its office building into a very luxurious building with the most expensive fit out and furniture that has ever been used by any of the government entities whether in Dubai or in any of the other Emirates. The building fit out and finishes were chosen carefully to match those found at Google’s headquarter. Not to mention the custom-made designer furniture that was especially ordered for the building from Italy. The building was primarily bought to be â€Å"X† Company’s Headquarter and to embrace all sister entities of the Office. It was handed over to TEO on June 2010 during the period of the global economic crisis. After which a sudden decision has been made by the top management to convert the building to a co mmercial building instead and to start renting it to other entities whether government or private. The problem faced by â€Å"X† Company (the Landlord) was that the way the building was built which was mainly intended for the occupancy of a single entity. For instance, some of the floors were divided into 3 to 4 separate office units that share the same reception area, the same pantry and washrooms. In addition to that, there are a few meeting rooms on the floor that are also designed to be shared between the office units. Within a short period after the handover of the building, â€Å"X† Company managed to bring in two entities to occupy a space within the building. One of the entities leased an office unit on the 3rd floor and the other one leased a unit on the 4th floor. The reason why I chose this case study is that I have been mainly involved in the process and in almost most of the decisions that were made in relation to the building. I’m the Head of Opera tions at â€Å"X† Company and I handle all business support related tasks one of which is the management of â€Å"X† Company properties.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Property Management of a Company Headquarters Building, Dubai specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been a great challenge for us to handle the building after its handover and the decisions we had to make to have the building running. Not to mention the challenge we faced after the decision to convert it into a commercial building where it was mainly designed for the occupancy of a single entity in the first place. As mentioned earlier the building cost â€Å"X† Company a fortune to make it the way it is now, therefore, it was necessary for the team managing it to maintain the quality of the building and to market the building as one of the unique buildings available for rent for commercial tenants. In addition, Proper ty Management is a headache. Given the aforementioned reasons, it is for â€Å"X† Company’s betterment to hire a specialized company to manage and run the building on its behalf. With such an arrangement in place, â€Å"X† Company can be relieved from the headaches that come with managing the building by itself. Not to mention that it is imperative for â€Å"X† Company to find a way to have the building occupied by leasing most of its floors in an effort to recover its operational costs at lease. As the Head of Operations at â€Å"X† Company and being the one responsible to handle all building related issues, it’s been a great opportunity for me as a manager to explore other fields of management such as the field of Property Management. I gained the experience and the skill required to run future buildings not to mention the challenge we faced acting as a landlord for the first time. The building is operational and is properly managed by the Property Management Company. However, only around 30% of occupancy has been achieved until now due to the economic crisis that affected the property market in Dubai and some management changes that I will further elaborate in the case study report. However, the building’s rent committee meetings are held on regular basis to discuss the building leasing status and the market situation. Much more needs to be done to ensure that the building is not only filled up, but that it remains so. To fill up the remaining 70% of the space, advertising, incentives and quality addition measures need to be addressed and implemented effectively and urgently.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Goals To facilitate all decisions and execute all contracts in relation to managing the building and keeping it operational. Provide extra services to the tenants on split floors (currently 3rd and 4th floors) such as pantry services and receptionists. To Achieve 60% occupancy of the building by the year 2011 and 100% occupancy by the end of year 2012 and sequentially reaching a breakeven point in respect of the building’s total operational expenses against its rental income which is expected to be achieved in year 2015. To resolve all issues in relation to the defects and snags in the building in order to maintain the building quality. It is worth noting that these snags and defects initially existed when â€Å"X† Company bought the building in its â€Å"shell and core† condition and these were not discovered during the time when the building was sold to â€Å"X† Company as the team who worked on the building’s fit out after the purchasing proces s eventually discovered these defects and snags. Initial steps Achieving a profitable management plan for a property may be a challenging task for most investors. For company X to achieve this, there needs to be various steps which must be set up as a foundation. These steps include; Specification of investment objective To ensure maximum benefits from a product in the housing business, there needs to be clearly set objectives. A successful business model and its management are guided by defined goals and timescale. Each objective has a determined importance and a plan as to how it will be achieved. While some investors will take risks and some will do their best to minimize or avoid them, in both instances it is paramount that risks be identified in the earliest stages of the plan. The process of risk identification should also involve identifying constrains that could arise from special situations such as time horizons, increase in cost of raw materials, liquidity and legal polic ies, just to mention a few (Monden, 2000). Choosing the product mix According to Monden (2000) â€Å"in any investment management, the most important decision is with respect to the cost and product mix decision†. This step involves proper proportion of costs involved in designing and marketing the product. The proportion is determined by several factors such as risk tolerance of a product and the market an investor is in, current prices of inputs and period allocated for different goals, among other parameters. It is in this step that the cost management leader of a company has to decide in which class a cost will be placed, as well as which areas of spending will be cut. Company X can decide to focus on a product that is pocket friendly, or one that is luxurious hence costly. This would be dependent on the target tenants and the nature of the region’s market. Formulation of strategy Depending with the risks a manager is willing to take, the level of diversification r equired, and risks involved, the most suitable business model management strategy can be decided on. Formulating a strategy further involves selection of designs after a fundamental and comprehensive analysis of parameters a product developer is interested in focusing on. In company X, a product developer could focus on the reliability, durability, ease of the product’s usage and uniqueness just to mention a few. Plan execution This step is one of the most significant determinants of how successful and effective a business model will be. It involves the implementation of formulated strategy, which may include investing in different sectors of the market at different times. It could also involve implementation of measures designed to minimize risks or ensure stability in the company’s cash flow. In this case, a stable cash flow will be ensured by attracting and retaining reliable and consistent tenants. Strategy revision and evaluation Just like any other investment man agement, a business model management requires constant revision and evaluation. Changes in the price of inputs automatically change the value of a product in the market. Changes in Dubai’s regulations and policies will affect how processes are implemented in company X. Any possible changes in a market will affect a business and must be put into consideration. This calls for regular changes on the investment plan to take care of fluctuations. Change of the business model or implementation may be necessary. Evaluation should be done from time to time to determine what is working and what is not. Like Bragg (2010) explains, â€Å"it helps the investor to realize if the strategy’s returns are in proportion with its risk exposure†. Property and facilities management Property management â€Å"Property management roles are often concentrated on two sides: landlords (or owners) and tenants (or renters)† (Deakin,2004). The main aim of property management is to mee t the needs of both parties. Roles and responsibilities of a property management company can vary depending with what they are trying to accomplish. A reputable property management company that pays attention to the adds. Nevertheless, the advertisements should be realistic and achievable, and not be comprised of empty words and promises. A good property management company must find the right clients, give them the best services and then let word of mouth work for you. When a building has a few tenants already in, the rest is surely easy as long as services provided to are satisfactory. When they are about what is being offered to them, they are more likely than not to tell someone about their experience. To ensure professional property management, Property Management Company, named â€Å"Asteco† has been hired by â€Å"X† Company to deal with all matters in relation to leasing the building. It is also expected to look after all the accounting and to coordinate all mai ntenance and repair work with a Facility Management Company hired by â€Å"X† Company. Out-sourcing these services is aimed at helping X focus on the main tasks and minimize the need to develop a team to do the job, since the company has never done property management before. Asteco Company is expected to take care of all the major things required to manage a rental property. These include; Increase occupancy percentage The first task that Asteco is expected to accomplish is increase the building’s occupancy. Currently, the building is operational but is most of the space is unoccupied. Only around 30% of occupancy has been achieved until now due to the economic crisis that affected the property market in Dubai and some management changes that I will further elaborate in the case study report. However, the building’s rent committee meetings are held on regular basis to discuss the building leasing status and the market situation. Much more needs to be done to en sure that the building is not only filled up, but that it remains so. To fill up the remaining 70% of the space, several measures will have to be in place. One of the most significant measures that Asteco is expected to undertake is advertising. Since the building was initially constructed for government functions, the property was not advertised as open to the building while under construction, as is the case with many buildings, Asteco is expected to advertising the building using word of mouth, brochures and the internet, among other available platforms. Word of mouth will only be possible if the current tenants are fully satisfied. It is therefore paramount that services offered in the building stand out from common services offered in other buildings. The building will also be advertised through brochures and listing the building in websites where tenants can g and search for houses. The other measure that will be undertaken to increase the number of tenants will be use of ince ntives. Through Asteco, company X will invest in offering services such as free mail delivery to the postal corporation of Dubai, and collection of mails by offering the buildings postal address to be used by tenants that do not a personal address. Incentives also a well designed and furnished reception office to welcome and give directions to the tenants’ visitors and clients. Incentives also include free cleaning services for clients. This can be offered as part of the lease agreement or as a discount for the first one year to attract tenants. Rental policies and procedures Asteco will be assigned a responsibility of ensuring that policies and procedures governing the building are designed professionally. Lease agreements must put into consideration the needs of the landlord and well as those of the tenants. While the landlord will be expected to hand over a space to a tenant in its highest quality, the tenant has a responsibility of keeping it that way and paying for all t he damages that occur during their period as a tenants. Policies and regulations should also address the legal responsibilities of each party involved in the contract. Supervise repairs and maintenance The company is expected to work with Deyaar Company which has been hired to manage facilities management. Asteco will monitor and supervise their work, as well ensure accountability during and repair and maintenance tasks that need to be performed. It is Asteco’s duty to ensure that all costs incurred in maintenance are competitive and fit into the company’s budget. It is also their duty to conduct inspection regularly and ensure that quality is assured in and outside the property. Payment collection methods As a property management company, Asteco has been assigned the duty of collection payment on behalf of the business. Lease agreements will state clearly the amount of rent due for the amount for space occupied by a tenant, as well as when it is due. It will also be t he duty of Asteco to ensure that tenants pay their rent on time. When it is time leave, an appropriate notice should be given and Asteco has a responsibility of ensuring that the vacant space is advertised. Facilities management Facilities management plays a crucial role in ensuring success, managing resources and minimizing risks. Lack of a proper facilities management strategy may result in risks from different uncertainties such as natural calamities, legal liabilities, deliberate attacks from an enemy and economic uncertainties, environmental bodies among many other causes. For most part, facilities management methods consist of several elements, performed in a specifically defined order. They include assessment or identification of threats in a business’ facilities, assessment of the business’ vulnerability, consequences and identifying ways to eliminate or reduce the threats that ma y arise from poor facilities management. A strategy must be set up to prioritize facilities management and minimize risks. Principals of facilities management include creation of value, addressing uncertainties, creating a systematic and structured strategy and creation of a dynamic and responsive facilities management procedure. Deyaar Facilities Management is national facilities management company with a reputation for helping business improve their efficiency. The company has been hired to company X to look after the repair and work of the building and provide 24 hour emergency service. The company was hired since company X was looking for a business whose primary objective would be to offer the business with solutions that help them operate their businesses more efficiently, as well as helping them implement the solutions. Deyaar is expected to be primarily devoted to the maintenance of the business’ building and structures through fire protection and safety, risk assessment, control of substances hazardous to health, occupational safety and health, i ndustrial hygiene and indoor air quality. The company is expected to accomplish this by managing some of these activities; Fire protection as safety We in company X believe fire safety and protection is important for a business for the following reasons; It allows continuity of operations by preventing the interruption of key services offered by the business Property protection is ensured by preventing conflagrations and having insurance considerations Life is protected by ensuring fire safety standards and codes are in place Deyaar Facilities Management Company will ensure fire protection and safety for company X by installing smoke and heat detectors, sprinkler systems, dry risers, fire alarm systems and other gadgets that will enable the business manage any fire risks before they occur. Before all this is done, the company will perform a fire risk assessment to establish the level of risk the business and clients are exposed to, as well as what needs to be improved. Health and safety Company X expects that the business will have a lot of in and out traffic as it has most of the space leased as offices. As a result, if safety is not taken care of, a big number of people and their lives are threatened. It is for this reason that health and safety must be a paramount part of the building. Considering this, Deyaar Facilities Management must have in place a plan and strategy to ensure this is well addressed in the business. The plan must help company X take the necessary steps towards ensuring compliance with the state and local laws regarding safety. Among such regulations are the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). To manage health and safety, Deyaar must also help company X achieve industrial hygiene standards in their kitchens, stores and warehouses. Indoor and outdoor air quality for a building that serves so many people in a day is important to keep those who need services in the building keep coming back and ensure their health is not threatened. Another area that will need attention to ensure health and safety is control of substances hazardous to health. This will include ensuring proper handling of any food preparation places in the building, cleaning chemicals, proper management of first aid kits and cabinets, and any other substance that could pose as a threat if not handled well. Security Like any other building that has a drive-in-through and park-up setting, company X must ensure that their building is a favorite for many for services offered in the building. One factor that clients and visitors to a building consider before making a choice on where to stop and access services and products is their safety. Occupants and visitors need to be assured of their personal security, their cars’ security, and the security of their property. Deyaar Facilities Management Company must identify elements that are crucial in ensuring security for such a building. These elements are designed and implemented in dif ferent layers. These layers include environmental designs, personal authentication, electronic access controls and intrusion detectors to ensure appropriate response measures are in place. Deyaar Facilities Management is expected to assure security to the business, its property and its customers by installing obstacles that delay serious security threats and attackers, and frustrate the trivial ones. They are also expected to ensure security by installing explosion protection measures such as bomb detectors, security lighting, surveillance cameras and alarms. When managing security, a proper response strategy is crucial in stopping and minimizing damage. A security response strategy will therefore have priority when managing company X facilities. Putting in mind that no specific solution will satisfy the business’ broad class of security situations, Deyaar Facilities Management Company is expected to perform an analysis to establish the business’ needs and come up with customized solutions to each of the security problems and needs. Among the solutions that company X has already established include manned guarding, intruder alert, Access Control and CCTV technology. Operational management Operational procedures in a business deal with designing and overseeing business operations that address the management of goods and services. It is responsible for ensuring that business operations are running efficiently and effectively. Deyaar Facilities Management Company is expected to help company X to handle its operations effectively by designing procedures that help save time, produce results and monitor progress. Among these operations include running the help desk that allows visitors access the place easily, inquire about parking regulations and to maneuver through the building. Managing people and traffic play a key role on operational management by ensuring people have easy access to the inlet and the exit. Deyaar Company is expected to see to it t hat the parking and the ordering counters are designed in a way that they can accommodate disabled people. Different groups of people such as expectant mothers and those with small children will have their needs taken care of. The toilets for example have to be clean and ensure comfort by having separate toilets for people of different sexes and those with disabilities. Cleanliness is paramount for a business such as company X. Visitors need to feel comfortable enough and have a reason to come back. Tenants need their hygiene taken care of to ensure they don’t use it as a reason to leave. Deyaar Company is expected to ensure that cleaning procedures and programs meet the needs of the business. A key area in cleanliness is waste management, which should take into consideration the cost, environmental consequences and other factors. Company X will have all the cleaning procedures and chemicals researched on to ensure that they don’t pose any threat to tenants and visitor s’ safety. Managing large volumes of supplies will be a big consideration when putting up a strategy to manage stores, freezers and the kitchens. It is important that storage compartments, especially those designed for foods and other perishable products do not expose anyone to food poisoning or damage its quality. Every business today is faced with the challenge of managing environmental issues. Deyaar is expected to use its experience and help company X meet the national and local environmental regulations such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Buildings planning, layout and placement of structures all count in environmental management. The company is expected to have procedures that ensure a daily inspection of waste management, water treatment and level of traffic managed in the building. Issues such as pest control, vending and car parking are also expected to be addressed. Maintenance systems Maintenance systems ensure that all the investments a business has put in place are well maintained and give back the value. For company X, such a big building is expected to have tenants that will use big, heating, refrigeration and cooling systems. Managing them is part of Deyaar Company and is expected to be a big part of their task operations. Furthermore, Deyaar Facilities Management offers services such as researching and installing the best heating and cooling mechanisms for such a building. These are services that the tenants can use for different purposes in their offices. Deyaar is further expected to address air conditioning to ensure appropriate conditions for tenants and visitors. Part of Deyaar’s work will include installing predictive and preventive maintenance measures to help manage damages before they escalate to unmanageable levels. For example, rooms with cracked walls will need to be fixed early enough before it’s too late, and before they offer an opportunity to people who are a threat to security. Corrective ma intenance also ensures early repairs when they are still cost effective to perform. The parking lot and drive ways must be constantly checked to ensure the comfort of customers. The surrounding such as the grass and gardens must also be well manicured and managed to keep the place appealing to tenants as well as their clients and visitors. Deyaar Facilities Management is expected to ensure this by building automation systems that help the business detect defaults early enough. Fabric and decorations used in the building’s reception area have to match with the buildings’ class and quality. Other important factors in maintenance systems will include reactive repairs, control measures and horticulture. Periodic statutory inspections and testing Statutory inspection and testing deals with work equipment, managing pressure systems, fixing wiring and electrical appliances and other emergency applications such as lighting. Deyaar Facilities Management will ensure that man-saf e systems such as access to the roofs and cleaning windows in done in a way that doesn’t expose anyone to danger. There will be laid down procedures for fixing wiring, handling portable appliances and handling emergency electrical operations such as lighting. In order for fire protection and other safety measures to bear fruits, regular inspection and testing will be used to keep everything working and correcting what is not working on time. Deyaar Facilities Management is expected to use its experience to put in place measures that enable the business to reap the benefits of all its investments in safety. Risk management Deyaar Facilities Management will address and help company X deal with technical risks related to professionalism of the project and issues that affect it directly. These risks include incomplete or wrong designs and uncertainties over availability or delivery of materials when the business is doing any constructions such as expanding its parking space and s tores. Managing technical risks will also cover handling inadequate or inaccurate site assessment and wrong specifications and estimations. Other types of risks that a good facilities management plan will help manage include logistical risks, which are mainly caused by lack of proper transportation infrastructure in the vicinity where the building is located. They include availability of resources and a timely delivery of materials. Another significant risk that company X needs to manage in its facilities management program is construction risks. Construction risks include safety and natural uncertainties. Tenants’ safety and well being, stability of the finished project and protection against natural risks such as strong winds are the major concerns in construction risks. Company X must have structures that ensure its protected from extreme temperatures, winds and other natural and man-made disasters such as floods. If there are new projects to be developed in future such as extensions, project developers have to ensure fire safety measures even before projects commence. Other examples of construction risks are poor industrial relations, weather implications and uncertain productivity of materials. All these are areas that a good facilities management plan could help by saving the business save a lot of money. Expected results Diversification Investing in property is considered a less volatile investment, making it a better investment when other markets are going through a struggle. Having a portfolio that allows diversification further protects an investor when the real estate markets are going through a hard time. A good example of the industry can be affected by unstable economies is the recent 2008 global economic crisis. Diversification in property management can be assured by ensuring an aggressive and up-to-date consideration and understanding of various parameters such as interest rates, profit margins and rental market rates among other things . It can also be achieved through comparable returns of the property in different seasons and trends in the market. Stability The purpose of making a portfolio and a management plan is to prepare for the future. A good management plan must allow company X to place their investment in a position that will have good returns. It should have a solid plan of what ought to be done should the markets change to an unexpected direction. Because a big percentage of the return on property comes from rent, fluctuations in most economic parameters will have little impact on the value of the investment. However, other parameters in the markets have an inverse effect on the return of a building. For example, increased insurance and utility rates will mean that company X will incur more expenses. The relationship between the two poses a significant challenge to investors, especially those who want to have the same business model for a long time. Therefore, a good management plan should take these f actors into consideration before a decision to design what they want to offer to the markets. This will in turn create a sense of security in knowing there is a plan. Consistent income A good management plan is expected to increase the building’s returns. If all the remaining space was leased, the building is expected to be profitable and fully cater for its expenses every year. The plan must ensure that payments at different intervals are utilized and invested well. Furthermore, it should have well laid plan on how different market trends will be managed. Even though rental houses are constantly referred to as fixed income investments, they pose risks to an investor. They can earn big losses especially when they lose value or when tenants are forced to close down due to different market challenges. Manage risks While rental houses are generally considered as a safe investment, there are various risks associated with them. He most significant as already seen company X is when there are not enough tenants. If a building was build using borrowed money, interest rates could go up leading to fewer returns. Reduced income risks arise as a result of the relationship between income and expenditure. Other risks that need to be managed in a plan include the occurrence of natural or man-made disasters. A good plan must address this through insurance and other protection policies. Furthermore, capital depreciation could occur if a building’s ratings go down. Legal considerations and taxes A good property management plan must not consist of any fraudulent or illegal transaction in the plan. It should also be able to take advantage of tax free payments for investments where that is applicable. This is especially beneficial for those investors in the high tax bracket. Just like other countries, Dubai’s laws and policies have provisions and incentives for different classes of investors (Central Intelligence Agency, 2011). Company X expects that a good pl an will help it take advantage of the different provisions and develop a more stable business model for managing the building. Succeeding in property management Proactive approach to cost management Understanding costs and profitability allows businesses to take a proactive approach to cost management. Traditionally, businesses manage costs when a product is already finished. Direct costs which make up more than half the cost of a product remain a challenge to many investors. Target costing as has been evident in many Japanese businesses can help a business manage costs by cutting on it at the design level. By having a set cost of production, a business is able to have control of their profitability. A proactive approach will reduce speculation and yet makes it possible to approximate profits in company X. Cost management can be done at the design level by deciding what services the building will offer and what the tenants will provide for themselves. Orienting a business towards cl ients In such a competitive field, it is important for a business to orient itself towards its clients. The size of the offices designed in company X’s building are big and one client takes up a lot of space. This means that losing one clients could means significant losses for the business. Furthermore, more property developers continue to register a presence in the country, leading to a high level of competition. Orienting company X towards client will ensures that a business knows what to expect from the customers, as well as what is expected of them. Since the housing industry is very much dependent on survival zones, the company will be forced to understand its clients comprehensively. This includes their needs, expectations and spending trends, among others. The company will further be forced to understand its competitors, strengths and weaknesses. This kind of knowledge and market understanding will empower the company to design and offer services that are needed in th e market. Chances of being in the low survival zones will be reduced and profitability will soar. Breaks down barriers between investors and locals For a business to succeed in any country, it is important that it established a healthy relationship with the locals. Understanding the markets can only be done through feedback. A good relationship with employees, clients, financial institutions and even the government ensures that a business has access to genuine feedback from different stakeholders. The government of Dubai plays a significant role in ensuring that investors are accorded all the support that they need. Furthermore, it is only through improved relationships that company X will be able to access the best labor in the market. Having synchronized departments The design and production of a product in the housing industry is very dependent on the logistics, purchasing, human resource, production and quality department. These departments will be responsible for ensuring avail ability of supplies, how they are managed, designed and how the final product looks like as well as how much it costs. Working together in the initial stages of a product keeps the department and their activities synchronized. When the product is already out in the market, managing it will be an easier task since every department is well conversant with its strengths and weaknesses. It is therefore important for company X to ensure that every member of the team in this project is well conversant with what is expected from the product, as well as how it is going to be achieved. Research implications This research is aimed at shedding light on the situation of the real estate market in Dubai. The region’s real estate market is considered among the most vibrant in the world today. As a result, new rental buildings are coming up every day, a situation that could make it hard for property managers to fill up a rental property. Furthermore, the state and quality of properties has t o be outstanding for a landlord to attract and retain enough tenants. The research will also be used to analyze rental property management techniques and their influence on the success of a building. The role of quality management will be analyzed. The information is relevant to all landlords as well as property managers. Landlords can use the information to understand the importance of ensuring that they have well experienced managers in the field of quality management as well organizational skills. Property managers can use the paper’s findings to understand the different techniques that can be used to attract and retain tenants. By analyzing policies and regulations in the industry, the information will also reflect on the role of the government in ensuring that investors are well rewarded when their buildings are complete. Research limitations Dubai is still considered a developing nation. This raises several challenges common in developing countries. Information availabi lity is a significant challenge for this research paper. There lacks a well organized and updated warehouse where one can access information about rental properties in country, trends and challenges. Time allocated for the research was limited making it hard to comprehensively cover some of the topics. Language barrier was also a significant challenge. A majority of people in Dubai speak Arabic. Collecting information and translating it into English for the report is time consuming and the process could lead to loss of specific details. Conclusion Quoted in Estates Dubai (2011), â€Å"the managing director of Chesterton International said clients are emphasizing valuers to match their older pre-cash valuations carried out on their assets, as they feel that the market has made sufficient recovery this year†. Dubai’s economy has been among the best performing in the gulf region. It is also among economies that have registered full recovery from the recent economic crisis . The crisis which negatively affected profitability in the real estate industry has however presented significant lessons to property managers. â€Å"Several larger companies possessing properties had earlier decided not to value their portfolios, as they were aware about the decline in rates since 2008. However, these companies are currently beginning to again compare values as markets improve† (Estates Dubai, 2011). The future of the real estate industry is bright in Dubai and property owners such as company X are expected to gain. However, significant gains are only possible through a well researched on designed property management plan. From this report, it is evident that there are many facilities management processes applicable to company X. The first step is to put in place specific procedures and in-house regulations that deal with facilities safety measures. The business should also adopt standardization of facilities management processes, to ensure minimized risks and consistency. It is important that the business puts its developers into task, to ensure that their teams are well trained on facility management, risk management and safety. Training should involve intensive consultations from experts such as Deyaar Facilities Management Company and from business that have managed to achieve excellence in facilities management. Traditionally, financial paradigms have been characterized by very little activity as far as property management is concerned. Buildings are considered a predictable and safe investment. As the market becomes more and more diverse, investors realize the need to manage their property management plans with more aggressiveness. Activity and interest have increased in the property markets as more people gather confidence to invest in the industry. Initially, more people felt safe to invest in properties that attract big clients such as hotels and banks. Today, more investors are coming in to the regular market, making it very competitive (Oxford Business Group, 2008). As a result, managing a property is not a guaranteed profitable affair. There is need for a business to address different challenges such as market trends, preferences and challenges. The process involves several stages such as specification of investment objectives, choosing the product mix, formulation of strategy, portfolio execution, revision and evaluation. To ensure maximum benefits from the investment, there needs to be clearly set objectives. Successful property management is guided by defined goals and timescale. The process of product mix is determined by several factors such as risk tolerance and period allocated for different goals, among other parameters. It is in this step that the property management company will be expected to decide in which class different products will be placed. After choosing a product combination, there will be need to formulate a suitable strategy, done in consideration to risks company X is willing to take and the level of diversification required. The execution will be significant and will determine how successful and effective. To make the plan successful and profitable, a better strategy, diversification, stability, risks management and income management will be part of the long-term plan. A good plan like explained in the report must also allow an investor to place their investment in a market that will have good returns. Choosing a target market will therefore be a critical part of the plan. Company X will also have a solid plan of what ought to be done should the markets change to an unexpected direction. Furthermore, the company will take advantage of the available rating system to know the amount of risk they are facing as an investor. Addressing legal challenges and policies will be paramount to ensure consistent and a smooth flow of operations for the company. Understanding legal requirements and policies could also help the business save money through taxation class es and benefits. Reference List Bragg, S. (2010). Business ratios and formulas: A comprehensive guide. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Central Intelligence Agency. (2011). United Arab Emirates. Web. Deakin, M. (2004). Property management: Corporate strategies, financial instruments  and the urban environment. Aldershot: Ashgate. Estates Dubai (2011). Property valuators being pressurized to value properties at ‘pre-  crisis’ levels. Web. Monden, Y. (2000). Japanese cost management. London: Imperial College Press. Oxford Business Group. (2008). Report: Dubai 2008. Oxford Business Group. 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